Background and Purpose: The literature review over the past few decades is a reflection of a global specific move towards the competency and evaluation of outcomes based education and the importance of this type of education is to the extent that Harden introduced "competency-based education" through a focus on outcomes and competencies as the most important trend in the medical education in the past decade. Due to the particular importance of competency-based education and the need to review the competency -based curriculum to be based on the competencies, the need to review the design of the curriculum is completely evident. But a question arises here that "Is there a comprehensive model that can be drawn for the development of competency in order to design new curriculum based on it? "In this study, we have tried to develop models to assess and synthesize existing development models, achieve to design a comprehensive meta-model for competency development.Methods: Meta-ethnography is a useful method for the synthesis of qualitative researches which is used in order to develop models that interpret findings in several studies. Considering that the aim of this study was finally to provide a meta-model of competency development, in the first step of meta-ethnography, first three steps and also a criticism was conducted on the available competency development models, for this purpose, literature review was also done to achieve competency development models. The models obtained by search were studied precisely and the models were presented based on first hand description of the by the developer (s), then offering critiques were extracted from the literature and the critical of researcher was finally provided.Results: After determination of the research question and characterization of synthesis focus, inclusion criteria and quality assessment of search were conducted and eight competency development models were selected and a precise investigation has been done on each.Conclusions: Considering the importance of competency-based training at the global level and the urgent need to review the existing curriculum and competency-based curriculum design, the analyzed models can provide the basis for synthesis of a meta-model for competency development and curriculum.

Introduction: Nursing managers play a key role in healthcare organizations. The effective execution of nursing managers' roles is influenced by various factors, including managerial competence. In today's complex organizations, determining the level of competence of head nurses is essential for improving their performance. Methods: This research was a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 150 head nurses working in hospitals affiliated with Iran University of Medical Sciences participated in the study in 2024, utilizing a census sampling method. The data collection tools included a demographic information form and the nursing managerial competence assessment questionnaire developed by Moghadam et al. (2019). Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, applying both descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: The mean and standard deviation of the age of the participants in the research was )42.53±5.24( years. The average managerial competence of head nurses was reported at a high level (330.05±37.04) through self-evaluation. Among them, the organizational domain had the highest average (4.36) and the problem-solving domain (4.11) had the lowest average. There was a statistically significant relationship between the managerial competence of supervisors and passing the management course (p=0.042). Conclusion: Head nurses in the hospitals of Iran University of Medical Sciences exhibit a high level of managerial competencies. The results indicate that participation in managerial training programs positively impacts the enhancement of managerial competencies among head nurses, particularly in the organizing domain. The role of managers is significantly important among the various factors contributing to organizational success. To develop an effective and efficient management system, it is essential to have competent and capable managers. Understanding the strengths and weaknesses in each dimension of managerial competence can empower head nurses to strengthen their capabilities, address weaknesses, and ultimately improve the quality of nursing services.

Purpose: The purpose of this applied research is to study the effectiveness of gamification on corporate training.  Methodology: A gamified course was designed and implemented to train the location of Fire Hosing Cabinet for 24 employees of a firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Using a quantitative quasi-experimental research plan (post-test only control group design) the participants of the study were randomly assigned to treatment (12) and control (12) groups and trained for a week.  Conclusion: The descriptive and interpretive result of the posttest analyses indicated the effectiveness of gamification of the training performed for the employees of the firefighting maintenance company in Iran Mall shopping Center in Tehran. Moreover, the descriptive result of Gamification Acceptance Questionnaire answered by the members of the experimental group after gamified training indicated that all the participants in the experimental group were satisfied with the gamified training course.